Why did the CAN transceiver on my CAN interface board break?

14 May 2025

This article outlines the voltage tolerance and protection guidelines for CAN transceivers and emphasizes which overvoltage that CAN transceivers can withstand.

 

APPLICABLE PRODUCTS

CAN-IB100/PCIe, CAN-IB200/PCIe, CAN-IB300/PCI, CAN-IB400/PCI, CAN-IB520/PCIe mini, CAN-IB600/PCIe, USB-to-CAN V2, USB-to-CAN FD, CAN@net NT

 

QUESTION

Why did the CAN transceiver on my CAN interface board break?

 

ANSWER

The CAN transceiver can tolerate an external overvoltage of approximately ±36 V on CAN_H and CAN_L relative to CAN_GND. An external overvoltage greater than ±36 V can damage the CAN transceiver.

Possible causes of external overvoltage on the CAN bus:

  1. Electrical disturbances on the CAN bus, caused by drives, frequency converters, lightning, etc.
    (A shielded CAN cable with grounded shielding can help reduce these disturbances.)
     
  2. Large voltage potential differences between CAN nodes if the CAN_GND lines are not interconnected.
    (We recommend connecting CAN_GND of all CAN nodes to allow compensating currents, even when using CAN interface boards with galvanic isolation.)
     
  3. Incorrect wiring, where an external power supply (>36 V) is connected to the CAN bus.

    Note:
    When analyzing a CAN bus system using a CAN interface board, please connect the CAN bus while it is powered off to avoid possible ESD issues.