Why did the CAN transceiver on my CAN interface board break?

14 May 2025

This article outlines the voltage tolerance and protection guidelines for CAN transceivers and emphasizes which overvoltage that CAN transceivers can withstand.

APPLICABLE PRODUCTS

CAN-IB100/PCIe, CAN-IB200/PCIe, CAN-IB300/PCI, CAN-IB400/PCI, CAN-IB520/PCIe mini, CAN-IB600/PCIe, USB-to-CAN V2, USB-to-CAN FD, CAN@net NT

 

QUESTION

Why did the CAN transceiver on my CAN interface board break?

 

ANSWER

The CAN transceiver can bear an external overvoltage of about +/- 36V on CAN_H and CAN_L referenced to CAN_GND. An external overvoltage more than +/- 36V can destroy the CAN-Transceiver.
The possible causes for an external overvoltage on the CAN bus:

  1. Electric disturbances on the CAN bus (generated by drives, lightning…)
    A shielded CAN cable can reduce the induced electric disturbances.

  2. High differences of the voltage potentials between different CAN nodes, if the CAN_GNDs are not connected with each other. (We recommend connecting CAN_GND of all CAN nodes with each other for compensating electric current, also when using CAN interface boards with galvanic isolation). 

  3. A wrong wiring, that connects CAN with an external power supply (>36V).

  4. Analyzing a CAN bus system using a CAN interface board, please connect the CAN bus while it is not running to avoid possible ESD problems.